Rightmove data has revealed the extent of the Government tax clampdowns on landlords.

Figures for between October and December  from the portal show that rental listings are down 22% annually in London and have fallen by 10% outside of the capital.

This lack of supply has pushed asking rents up by 2.7% annually, although they have fallen by 0.6% over the quarter to £798 per month.

The rent increases are more stark in London, with average asking rents hitting an all-time high of £2,034 per month, up 5.4% annually and 2.1% over the quarter.

The portal has predicted that asking rents will rise by 3% outside London and 4% in the capital during 2019.

Miles Shipside, commercial director for Rightmove, said: “When the Government introduced higher Stamp Duty on second home purchases back in 2016, it deterred many landlords from investing in the buy-to-let market, which in turn has exacerbated this ongoing dearth of available properties, and we’re yet to see any significant boost in stock from the many build-to-rent programmes.

“In addition, the more punitive treatment of tax reliefs has meant some landlords are also exiting.

“We forecast that average asking rents will continue to slowly strengthen further in 2019, by perhaps 3% outside London.

“In the capital there are no signs of an increase in buy-to-let activity, which may lead to asking rents growing further by around 4%.”